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[[quellcode_c:animierter_text_lcd]]

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animierter Text auf einem alphanummerischen LCD

Da mir schon mehrfach die Breite eines normalen alphanummerischen Displays zur Darstellung der notwendigen Informationen nicht ausgereicht hat, habe ich eine Animation des Textes auf dem LCD programmiert. Der Text wird aller 300msek. verrückt, was eine gute Lesbarkeit gwährleistet. Der Code animiert zur Zeit nur die 1.Zeile.

Das LCD sollte so aussehen:

animierter Text auf dem LCD

Die LCD-Library ist von Peter Fleury. Ich habe nur einige Teile in die main.h übernommen. Programmiert habe ich mit AVRStudio und WINAVR20090313.

Sourcecode

Changelog

28.05.2009 V0.0.1 erste lauffähige Version

lcd.h

#ifndef LCD_H
#define LCD_H
/*************************************************************************
 Title	:   C include file for the HD44780U LCD library (lcd.c)
 Author:    Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch>  http://jump.to/fleury
 File:	    $Id: lcd.h,v 1.13.2.2 2006/01/30 19:51:33 peter Exp $
 Software:  AVR-GCC 3.3
 Hardware:  any AVR device, memory mapped mode only for AT90S4414/8515/Mega
***************************************************************************/
 
/**
 @defgroup pfleury_lcd LCD library
 @code #include <lcd.h> @endcode
 
 @brief Basic routines for interfacing a HD44780U-based text LCD display
 
 Originally based on Volker Oth's LCD library,
 changed lcd_init(), added additional constants for lcd_command(), 
 added 4-bit I/O mode, improved and optimized code.
 
 Library can be operated in memory mapped mode (LCD_IO_MODE=0) or in 
 4-bit IO port mode (LCD_IO_MODE=1). 8-bit IO port mode not supported.
 
 Memory mapped mode compatible with Kanda STK200, but supports also 
 generation of R/W signal through A8 address line.
 
 @author Peter Fleury pfleury@gmx.ch http://jump.to/fleury
 
 @see The chapter <a href="http://homepage.sunrise.ch/mysunrise/peterfleury/avr-lcd44780.html" 
 
target="_blank">Interfacing a HD44780 Based LCD to an AVR</a>on my home page.
 
*/
 
/*@{*/
 
#if (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__) < 303
#error "This library requires AVR-GCC 3.3 or later, update to newer AVR-GCC compiler !"
#endif
 
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
 
 
/**
 *  @name Definitions for LCD command instructions
 *  The constants define the various LCD controller instructions which can be passed to the 
 *  function lcd_command(), see HD44780 data sheet for a complete description.
 */
 
/* instruction register bit positions, see HD44780U data sheet */
#define LCD_CLR               0      /* DB0: clear display                  */
#define LCD_HOME              1      /* DB1: return to home position        */
#define LCD_ENTRY_MODE        2      /* DB2: set entry mode                 */
#define LCD_ENTRY_INC         1      /*   DB1: 1=increment, 0=decrement     */
#define LCD_ENTRY_SHIFT       0      /*   DB2: 1=display shift on           */
#define LCD_ON                3      /* DB3: turn lcd/cursor on             */
#define LCD_ON_DISPLAY        2      /*   DB2: turn display on              */
#define LCD_ON_CURSOR         1      /*   DB1: turn cursor on               */
#define LCD_ON_BLINK          0      /*     DB0: blinking cursor ?          */
#define LCD_MOVE              4      /* DB4: move cursor/display            */
#define LCD_MOVE_DISP         3      /*   DB3: move display (0-> cursor) ?  */
#define LCD_MOVE_RIGHT        2      /*   DB2: move right (0-> left) ?      */
#define LCD_FUNCTION          5      /* DB5: function set                   */
#define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT     4      /*   DB4: set 8BIT mode (0->4BIT mode) */
#define LCD_FUNCTION_2LINES   3      /*   DB3: two lines (0->one line)      */
#define LCD_FUNCTION_10DOTS   2      /*   DB2: 5x10 font (0->5x7 font)      */
#define LCD_CGRAM             6      /* DB6: set CG RAM address             */
#define LCD_DDRAM             7      /* DB7: set DD RAM address             */
#define LCD_BUSY              7      /* DB7: LCD is busy                    */
 
/* set entry mode: display shift on/off, dec/inc cursor move direction */
#define LCD_ENTRY_DEC            0x04   /* display shift off, dec cursor move dir */
#define LCD_ENTRY_DEC_SHIFT      0x05   /* display shift on,  dec cursor move dir */
#define LCD_ENTRY_INC_           0x06   /* display shift off, inc cursor move dir */
#define LCD_ENTRY_INC_SHIFT      0x07   /* display shift on,  inc cursor move dir */
 
/* display on/off, cursor on/off, blinking char at cursor position */
#define LCD_DISP_OFF             0x08   /* display off                            */
#define LCD_DISP_ON              0x0C   /* display on, cursor off                 */
#define LCD_DISP_ON_BLINK        0x0D   /* display on, cursor off, blink char     */
#define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR       0x0E   /* display on, cursor on                  */
#define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR_BLINK 0x0F   /* display on, cursor on, blink char      */
 
/* move cursor/shift display */
#define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_LEFT     0x10   /* move cursor left  (decrement)          */
#define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_RIGHT    0x14   /* move cursor right (increment)          */
#define LCD_MOVE_DISP_LEFT       0x18   /* shift display left                     */
#define LCD_MOVE_DISP_RIGHT      0x1C   /* shift display right                    */
 
/* function set: set interface data length and number of display lines */
#define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE  0x20   /* 4-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */
#define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES 0x28   /* 4-bit interface, dual line,   5x7 dots */
#define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE  0x30   /* 8-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */
#define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_2LINES 0x38   /* 8-bit interface, dual line,   5x7 dots */
 
 
#define LCD_MODE_DEFAULT     ((1<<LCD_ENTRY_MODE) | (1<<LCD_ENTRY_INC) )
 
 
 
/** 
 *  @name Functions
 */
 
 
/**
 @brief    Initialize display and select type of cursor
 @param    dispAttr \b LCD_DISP_OFF display off\n
                    \b LCD_DISP_ON display on, cursor off\n
                    \b LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR display on, cursor on\n
                    \b LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR_BLINK display on, cursor on flashing             
 @return  none
*/
extern void lcd_init(uint8_t dispAttr);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Clear display and set cursor to home position
 @param    void                                        
 @return   none
*/
extern void lcd_clrscr(void);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Set cursor to home position
 @param    void                                        
 @return   none
*/
extern void lcd_home(void);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Set cursor to specified position
 
 @param    x horizontal position\n (0: left most position)
 @param    y vertical position\n   (0: first line)
 @return   none
*/
extern void lcd_gotoxy(uint8_t x, uint8_t y);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Display character at current cursor position
 @param    c character to be displayed                                       
 @return   none
*/
extern void lcd_putc(char c);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Display string without auto linefeed
 @param    s string to be displayed                                        
 @return   none
*/
extern void lcd_puts(const char *s);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Display string from program memory without auto linefeed
 @param    s string from program memory be be displayed                                        
 @return   none
 @see      lcd_puts_P
*/
extern void lcd_puts_p(const char *progmem_s);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Send LCD controller instruction command
 @param    cmd instruction to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet
 @return   none
*/
extern void lcd_command(uint8_t cmd);
 
 
/**
 @brief    Send data byte to LCD controller 
 
 Similar to lcd_putc(), but without interpreting LF
 @param    data byte to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet
 @return   none
*/
extern void lcd_data(uint8_t data);
 
 
/**
 @brief macros for automatically storing string constant in program memory
*/
#define lcd_puts_P(__s)         lcd_puts_p(PSTR(__s))
 
/*@}*/
#endif //LCD_H

main.h

#ifndef MAIN_H
#define MAIN_H
/**
 @defgroup Hauptdefinitionen
 @code #include <main.h> @endcode
 @brief Main-Definitionen
*/
/********************************************************
*                                                       *
*          animierter Text auf einem LCD                *
*                                                       *
 ********************************************************
 -	LCD-Anschluß PC0-3: Daten, PB1: EN, PB2: RS
 
 */
/*@{*/
/** 
 *  @name Uebersicht
 *	-	sleep_mode benutzt\n
 *	-	LCD-Anschluss PC0-3: Daten, PB1: EN, PB2: RS\n
 
 */
/**
 @brief    Festlegung der Quarzfrequenz
 @param    8MHZ
 @return  none
*/
/* define CPU frequency in Mhz here if not defined in Makefile */
#ifndef F_CPU
#define F_CPU 8000000UL
#endif
 
 
/**
 @brief    Displayeinstellungen
 @param    z.Zt. KS0073-Display in Benutzung         
 @return  none
*/
#define LCD_CONTROLLER_KS0073 1  /**< Use 0 for HD44780 controller, 1 for KS0073 controller */
 
/** 
 *  @name  Definitions for Display Size 
 *  Change these definitions to adapt setting to your display
 */
#define LCD_LINES           2     /**< number of visible lines of the display */
#define LCD_DISP_LENGTH     16    /**< visibles characters per line of the display */
#define LCD_LINE_LENGTH  0x40     /**< internal line length of the display    */
#define LCD_START_LINE1  0x00     /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 1 */
#define LCD_START_LINE2  0x40     /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 2 */
#define LCD_START_LINE3  0x14     /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 3 */
#define LCD_START_LINE4  0x54     /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 4 */
#define LCD_WRAP_LINES      0     /**< 0: no wrap, 1: wrap at end of visibile line */
 
 
#define LCD_IO_MODE      1         /**< 0: memory mapped mode, 1: IO port mode */
 
 
#define IGNORE_BUSY_FLAG 1         /**< robocat edit: with flag set 1, R/W can be grounded */
 
 
/**
 *  @name Definitions for 4-bit IO mode
 *  Change LCD_PORT if you want to use a different port for the LCD pins.
 *
 *  The four LCD data lines and the three control lines RS, RW, E can be on the 
 *  same port or on different ports.\n
 *  If "IGNORE_BUSY_FLAG is set, the R/W-Pin from the LCD must be grounded.
 *  Change LCD_RS_PORT, LCD_RW_PORT, LCD_E_PORT if you want the control lines on
 *  different ports. 
 *
 *  Normally the four data lines should be mapped to bit 0..3 on one port, but it
 *  is possible to connect these data lines in different order or even on different
 *  ports by adapting the LCD_DATAx_PORT and LCD_DATAx_PIN definitions.
 *  
 */
//#define LCD_PORT         PORTA        /**< port for the LCD lines   */
#define LCD_DATA0_PORT   PORTC     /**< port for 4bit data bit 0 */
#define LCD_DATA1_PORT   PORTC     /**< port for 4bit data bit 1 */
#define LCD_DATA2_PORT   PORTC     /**< port for 4bit data bit 2 */
#define LCD_DATA3_PORT   PORTC     /**< port for 4bit data bit 3 */
#define LCD_DATA0_PIN    0            /**< pin for 4bit data bit 0  */
#define LCD_DATA1_PIN    1            /**< pin for 4bit data bit 1  */
#define LCD_DATA2_PIN    2            /**< pin for 4bit data bit 2  */
#define LCD_DATA3_PIN    3            /**< pin for 4bit data bit 3  */
#define LCD_RS_PORT      PORTB     /**< port for RS line         */
#define LCD_RS_PIN       2            /**< pin  for RS line         */
#define LCD_RW_PORT      PORTC     /**< port for RW line (nicht genutzt)        */
#define LCD_RW_PIN       4            /**< pin  for RW line (nicht genutzt)        */
#define LCD_E_PORT       PORTB     /**< port for Enable line     */
#define LCD_E_PIN        1            /**< pin  for Enable line     */
 
/*@}*/
#endif

main.c

/********************************
*				*
*	Test animierter Text 	*
*				*
*  Text pendelt hin und her 	*
*********************************
 
- zuerst läuft der Text bei Überlänge von rechts nach links und dann wieder zurück
- real getestet am 28.05.2009
*/
 
 
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/sleep.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#include "main.h"
#include "lcd.h"
 
char ausgabe[] PROGMEM = "Das ist ein langer Text";
 
//Variablen
volatile uint8_t zeiger; 					// zum Auslesen des Arrays
uint8_t zaehler;							// für scrollen der Anzeige über 16 Zeichen hinaus
uint8_t invers;								// Anzeige soll zurückscrollen
uint8_t breite = 16;						// Spaltenbreite des LCD, eingestellt auf 16
char data;
volatile uint8_t takt10ms;				    // Takt 10msek.
uint8_t takt100ms;							// Takt 100msek.
 
//Interrupt TIMER1
ISR (TIMER1_COMPA_vect)
{
takt10ms++;
}
 
int main(void)
{
//Initialisierung Ports
DDRC |= 0x0F;							//PC0-3 als Ausgang setzen
DDRD |= 0xF0;							//PD4-7 als Ausgang setzen
DDRB |= ((1<<PB0) | (1<<PB1) |(PB2));	//PB0-3 als Ausgang setzen
 
//TIMER1 Init für 10ms
//Berechnung: 8Mhz/64=125khz(8µsek.), 8µsek.*1250=10msek.
OCR1A = 1250;						//CTC-Register mit 1250 laden
TCCR1B = ((1<<WGM12) | (1<<CS11) | (1<<CS10));	//CTC, Prescaler = 64
TIMSK |= (1<<OCIE1A);				//CTC-Interrupt freischalten
 
//LCD Init
lcd_init(LCD_DISP_ON);
 
//Sleep_Mode Init
set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_IDLE);	//Init Sleep-Modus auf IDLE
 
sei();
	while(1)					//#### Main-loop ####
	{
	if (takt10ms == 10)				//100msek. erreicht
		{
			takt10ms = 0;
			takt100ms++;
			lcd_gotoxy(0,0);	
			while((zeiger <= breite) && (pgm_read_byte(&ausgabe[zeiger]) != '\0') && (invers != 1))
			/* 	Schleife nur wenn der zeiger kleiner der max. LCD-Breite, Zeichenende nicht erkannt
				und invers nicht gesetzt*/
			{
				lcd_putc(pgm_read_byte(&ausgabe[zeiger])); 	//LCD bis Zeilenende füllen
				zeiger++; 	//Zeiger-Variable immer um eins erhöhen	
			}
		}
	if (takt100ms == 3)			//300msek. erreicht
		{
		takt100ms = 0;
//**** Text läuft von rechts nach links ****
		if (invers == 1) 		       //nur bei invers gesetzt (Text läuft zurück)
			{
				zaehler--;	       //zähler wieder um eins vermindern
				zeiger = zaehler;      //dieses in die Variable "zeiger" für Textanfang
				lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
				while(zeiger <= (breite + zaehler)) //Schleife druchlaufen bis Textende
				{
					lcd_putc(pgm_read_byte(&ausgabe[zeiger])); //LCD füllen
					zeiger++;
				}
				if (zaehler == 0)	//wenn fertig durchlaufen
				{
					invers = 0;
					zeiger = 0;
				}			
			}
//**** Text läuft von links nach rechts ****
			if ((zeiger > breite) && (invers != 1))		//wenn Textlänge länger als LCD-Breite
			{
				zaehler++;								
				zeiger = 0;
				zeiger = zeiger + zaehler;				//Textanfang immer um eins nach rechts verschieben		
				lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
				while(zeiger <= (breite + zaehler))		//Schleife durchlaufen bis LCD-Breite erreicht
				{
					lcd_putc(pgm_read_byte(&ausgabe[zeiger])); //LCD füllen	
					zeiger++;
					if (pgm_read_byte(&ausgabe[zeiger]) == '\0') //und kein Stringende erkannt
					{
						invers = 1;						//bei Stringende "invers" setzen, da mit der Text zurückläuft
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		sleep_mode();		//AVR schlafen legen
	}
return(0);
}

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quellcode_c/animierter_text_lcd.txt · Zuletzt geändert: 2017/04/15 22:59 (Externe Bearbeitung)
Zuletzt angesehen: • animierter_text_lcd
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